Romania

The Romanian State

Nation: Romania

Capital city: Bucharest

Geographic position: in the south-east of Central Europe. Neighbours: Ukraine (N), the Republic of Moldova, Ukraine, and the Black Sea (E), Bulgaria (S), Serbia (SW), and Hungary (W).

Population: ca. 21,700,000. Outside the country's borders there are large Romanian communities.

Official language: Romanian (a neo-Latin language of the Romance languages family)

Climate: temperate-continental, four seasons

Features: mountains (31% of area), hills and plateaus (33%), plains (36%), Danube Delta

Romania is a member of the UN (1955), of NATO (2004) and of the European Union (2007).

·        Romania is a sovereign and independent, unitary and indivisible nation state;

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·        Form of government: republic;

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·        Romania is a democratic and social state ruled by the law;

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·        The state is organized according to the principle of separation and balance of the powers – the Legislative, the Executive and the Judiciary – in the framework of constitutional democracy, guaranteed by political pluralism.

The national symbols

The National Coat of Arms               

The Flag  of Romania

The flag of Romania is a tricolor: red, yellow and blue.

The flag of Romania has the colors placed vertically as follows: blue (hoist), yellow (in the middle) and red (fly). The blue is cobalt, the yellow – chrome, and the red – vermillion.

Geography of Romania

Romania is located in the geographic centre of Europe. It neighbours to the North on Ukraine, to the East on the Republic of Moldova, Ukraine, and the Black Sea, to the South on Bulgaria, to the South-West on Serbia, and to the West on Hungary.

It stretches over 238,391 sq km, which ranks it 12th in Europe.

Romania’s relief is very diverse and complex. 31% of the area is covered by mountains (with heights between 800 and 2543 m), 36% by hills and tablelands, and the rest of 33% by plains (under 200 m elevation).

Of the about 3500 lakes in Romania, 300 have a surface in excess of 1 sq. km., the largest being Razelm and Sinoe (415 and 171 sq. km.) on the Black Sea Coast.

The Black Sea forms the border of Romania in the south-east along 245 km.

The administrative organization of Romania features 41 counties, and Bucharest, thecapital city. In the counties, the basic administrative units are the towns and communes (made of several villages). There are 263 cities and towns, of which 80 municipalities, and 2 685 communes with over 13 285 villages.

Besides Bucharest, which has a population of nearly 2.1 million, there are 17 cities with over 100 000 inhabitants, 7 of which exceed 300 000.

The climate is temperate continental, with slight ocean influences in the West, Mediterranean in the South-West, and excessively-continental in the North-East.

The annual average temperature varies between 8°C in the North and 11°C in the South.

Romania’s flora and fauna are very rich and variegated, given the geographic position and the diversity of natural conditions.

Foreign Policy

In a permanently changing economic climate, international relations are more important than ever.

Efficient diplomacy means successful foreign policy supporting the national interests and those of the citizens. In fact, a far-reaching diplomacy project takes time, resources and especially teamwork and vision. Results come in time, impacting our everyday life in an obvious way. Romania’s embassy and consulate network also serves as the best indicator of how well the interests of each citizen are advanced abroad, as an indicator of  Romanian economic promotion, encouragement of foreign investment and cultural promotion.

How is a country’s profile to be built and promoted in the age of fast information?

Foreign policy priorities help outline a distinct profile of Romania in the international arena, in keeping with the national interest.

•         Consolidating Romania’s position in the EU, deepening the integration process and clearly outlining our contribution to a strong international profile of the Union

2011 brings to the forefront of the European debate several topics of major interest to Romania. This is to entail greater cohesion of the region’s voices claiming a greater role in EU decision making. Accession to the Schengen Area, the European External Action Service (EEAS), the Danube Strategy, and attracting European funds are among the priorities.

•         Consolidating the role, interests and benefits of Romania in relation to an ambitious and pragmatic neighbourhood policy

Romania will back the European Union’s efforts to review the Neighbourhood Policy, with emphasis on enhancing the role of regional cooperation, developing sectoral and multilateral projects.  Support for the Republic of Moldova to become a success story of the Eastern Partnership, support for the Western Balkans in their European bid, and cooperation with the countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia are lines of external action.

•         Turning to advantage strategic partnerships and priority bilateral relations

Making the best of strategic partnerships, whether bilateral or multilateral, will result in the development of regional, European and transatlantic cooperation, which will yield long-term benefits for Romania.

The relationship with the other states of the European Union, with the US, Turkey, Russia, China, the Arab states, the emerging powers and the global players is aimed at consolidating cooperation and developing the areas Romania prioritizes.

•         Reflecting Romania’s interests in the field of international security

Romania will prioritize and pragmatically back a European security architecture in tune with the national strategy and its role as a member of NATO and EU.

Actions to support international efforts in the post-conflict reconstruction process, fight nuclear proliferation and contribute to NATO’s new Strategic Concept as well as to the process of reforming the OSCE constitute a component of the security outlook that Romania constantly contributes to.

•         Ensuring a visible role for Romania in approaching priority global problems; promoting multilateralism

In the current globalized environment, the economic crisis proved again the need to work out solutions at a regional and international level, based on cooperation in the framework of organizations and between states.

•         Contributing to managing the world economic crisis and to external economic promotion

Encouraging foreign investment and promoting the nation’s economic interest is essential for the Romanian diplomacy.

Romania’s accession to the OECD remains a priority of the Romanian diplomacy. Likewise, Romania’s role as a donor state that has proved its capacity to offer financial and technical assistance to some of the states in the Balkans and in the Eastern Neighbourhood is an argument in favour of concerted action to promote and support regional economic development.

•         Promoting an efficient approach on the relationship with Romanians abroad

The actions to support Romanians abroad will focus on strengthening the institutional capacity by improving consular services and on developing projects likely to ensure, on the one hand, the consolidation of the Romanian community abroad and, on the other, an open and transparent relationship with local authorities.

Preserving the national identity of Romanians abroad continues to be a major objective for the Romanian diplomacy.

•         Promoting a strategic approach in point of communication, public and cultural diplomacy

Implementing a coherent communication, public and cultural diplomacy strategy, despite the budgetary restrictions, is very important when it comes to promoting Romania’s foreign policy objectives.

Informing the various categories of the public, the NGOs, think tanks, opinion leaders, business people, and ordinary citizens means developing partnerships, creating a framework for debate in the public space, all  to the end of fostering better understanding of Romania’s foreign policy and role in the international arena.

Visit Romania

The Danube is the main collector of the radially disposed rivers, most of which have their sources in the Carpathian Mountains. It is 2860 km long, with 1075 km on the territory of Romania, between Bazias and the Black Sea. The mountain lakes are glacial, volcanic – originating in old craters, or formed by natural dams. The list of natural assets further includes over 2000 mineral water springs, many being thermal and medicinal.

In 2001, the Small Island of Braila became Romania’s second Ramsar site; it is part of the Lower Danube System, a regional complex of ecosystems that support over 1688 plant species and 3735 animal species.

The Black Sea. The 244-km Romanian coastline displays a low shore in its northern part, while in the southern part it features sandbanks and beaches, as well as 40-60-m-high rocky shorefront. At the foot of the rocky shore lie beautiful sandy beaches. Lake Techirghiol, one of the lagoons of the Black Sea, is famous for its therapeutic mud.

The Retezat National Park in the west of Romania is the oldest national park in this country, protected under a law passed in 1935. The park’s 38,047 ha comprise an 1800-ha core area called Gemenele (the Twins). UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Program (MAB) recognized the universal value of the park in 1979, when it was included in the international network of biosphere reserves.

The Retezat National Park is famous for its rich flora. The Park hosts approximately 1190 species of superior plants of the 3450 known in Romania.

The Rodna National Park, established in 1932, is the largest protected area in the northern group of the Eastern Carpathians, stretching over 46,399 ha, with a 900-ha core area declared Biosphere Reserve in 1979 in the framework of UNESCO’s MAB program.

Do business in Romania

Any business initiative stands for an opportunity and the government of Romania encourages Romanian and foreign citizens alike to be active in the private sector.

Why should one be interested in starting a business in Romania? Because the main goal of the Government is sustainable growth. Backing private entrepreneurs andstimulating entrepreneurship are central to the activity of the Executive.

The actions of the Government are geared at consolidating a stable and predictable  business environment, strengthening free competition, eliminating state monopolies that are not economically justified, enhancing the transparency of the business environment, of governmental policies and monetary policies and liberalizing the labour market.

There is a high level of acceptance of Western business practices, indicating that even though Romanians do not have the skills yet, they are willing to learn from their experienced partners for the mutual benefit of both parties.

Source: http://canberra.mae.ro/en

http://www.austrade.gov.au/Export/Export-Markets/Countries/Romania/Doing-business

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